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The GameMaster Advisor
for September of 1999


Hi Gamemaster
I am going to have my first (card-counting) session next week and was wondering about "camouflage". I know the basics, but how does a really good counter act?. Also, Can you win if the table is full or should I not play if there are more than 3 other people at the table?
thanx
Steve

Dear Steve,
Don't worry about 'camouflage' at this point; your betting stakes are too small ($3-$36) to make anyone worry. But read my lesson on "Casino Playing Tactics" for some general guidelines. Other people at the table won't affect your play, but a full table will slow the game down somewhat which may make it easier for you to count. I heartily recommend on your first trip to the casino that you observe for an hour or so before beginning play. Watch the various table procedures, like how to purchase chips, methods for indicating a double, etc. Then count down two or three shoes to make sure you can keep a count with all the distractions, THEN get into your first shoe when the count is very positive so you start this adventure with as good an opportunity for success as possible.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/26/99



Dear Gamemaster,
I have one question: do you think that someone can become a professional gambler? Do you know any ??? I know there are prof. poker players, but do you think that if you play, say, games with a house edge lower than 2.0% and you settle for a small win and have a limit on how much to lose that this is possible? I read a book, "Gamble to Win" by R.D. Ellison and he talks about trends and stuff. What is your opinion on this because I think that if this works, why does the casino make it so easy for you to spot a trend by having these signs by roulette or baccarat? Hope I hear something.
Richard

Dear Richard,
Yes, it is possible to make a living in the casinos and I do know people who do so, but they play only games with a 'positive' expectation; that is, games with a long-term return of over 100%. If one were to play games with a 98% expectation, it's just a matter of time before s/he loses all of his or her $$$, regardless of the loss limits or profit expectations s/he may have.

The advice Ellison gives in the book you mentioned is useless. Trends in roulette and baccarat can only be observed AFTER they happen, not before, so that's why the casinos are happy to provide scoreboards and other such devices for the player.

It's not easy making $$$ in the casino, but it can be done. You might want to read the stories I've done on my friend who is spending a couple of months trying to be a professional gambler. They're in the "GameMaster's Secrets" column called "Guerilla Gambling".

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/23/99



Gamemaster,
President is having 5X points day this coming Monday, and this coming Monday only. 1% cashback. I wonder how many of the progressives are going to be more worth it...but I was thinking, if you put the progressive jackpot into your expectation calculations, it also requires that you hit it...just hitting the intermediate payout we know isn't worth while on any machine. The Royal is always a major part of the expectation (2%+). I lost $190 *quick* at All American yesterday. I've never seen a machine so cold. However, I also realize that each hand is random and the machine has no memory of previous hands played. So I stuck it out (plus the machine next to it has a stuck button, so I couldn't use it). I can count on 2 hands how many 40 coin hands I made. UGLY. Anyways...it happens. Maybe I'll get a chance to meet you Monday or something.
I'll be there in the evening.
Thomas

Hi!
Yes, I saw the ads in the paper. The Casino Queen is having, coincidentally, a 6X points promo that day. Decisions, decisions. The 1% from a slot club is a lot better to have, since it adds to your edge as you play, unlike a Royal which, as you say, has to 'hit' to add its percentage. The Queen has quarter 9/7 Double Bonus, so with their 1.5%. it'll be at 100.6% that day. But they have only 10 of them and they're always full.

All American is a tough game in the short term, despite its great payback; TomSki (he of Video Poker Strategy Master) calculated that there's a 50-50 chance of losing a bankroll of $1500 at a quarter version of this game, and a 14%% chance of losing $4200, not counting any slot club cash back. His recommendation of bankroll size for a 1% risk of 'ruin' is $9756, if one wishes to play 'forever'. With a 0.5% slot club, that requirement drops to $5408, so you can see the effect cash back has.

Monday, the 27th, is my birthday, so I don't know where I'll end up. I'm sure not going to sit around and feel old, though.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/25/99



Dear Gamemaster
Thanks for the advice on the BJ voice survey. Anyway, I live in England and the casinos are members only. I have joined 3 in different areas; I will start next week for the first time and will start off small to see how good I am. My bankroll is £1000 and I am going to start off with £2 min to £12 ( £24 double). The rules are: dealer stands soft 17, DAS, 4.5 pen, resplit pairs, double 9,10,11 only, no surrender, insurance. As I say, I am trying to gain experience. Could you tell me what my risk of ruin is? What is my % advantage? What can i expect to make hourly?. My counting system is Stanford Wong's Hi-Lo. I will increase my spread as I increase my bankroll and come to the States next year, hopefully.
See ya

Dear Stephen (you were Steve when I thought you were from the U.S. Now that I know you're from Great Britain, you're Stephen),

Good news, bad news. Unfortunately, this game is just barely beatable and you'll only get an overall edge of about 0.6% if you raise your top bet to L16. (We don't have those cool 'Pound' symbols on our computers here.) Anyway, you need a 1-8 spread at a minimum to get any kind of advantage in this game. Because you may double only on 9, 10 and 11, your potential earnings are diminished somewhat, but so is your risk. That's because you'll be doubling only in really advantageous situations, unlike those who double A-2 vs. 5 and other borderline situations. With all that, your risk of 'ruin' (losing all L1000) is about 25% if you go to a 1-8 bet spread. I don't know if you have L1 minimum tables, but if you do, you'd do well to play at those. If not, consider getting up from the table when the true count gets to -1 or lower and that will help increase your return a bit. Your average return should, in the long run, work out to be a very modest L1.5 per 100 hands. But with such a small edge, you need to know the for you, the 'long run' is about 120,000 hands. However, I'm not trying to discourage you here. This is an investment in a skill that you can use for the rest of your life and, if you learn your craft well there, you'll be a tiger when you get to some of the games we have here.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/17/99



Hi Gamemaster,
I'd just like to say you are very helpful. Anyway, I am going to start on a £2-£16 spread, as you advised. The minimum is £2 or £5. Well, you said that with my £1000 bankroll I would have a 25% chance of losing the lot. I think that is a bit risky. Do you think I should increase my bankroll before I start; to say £1500 ? . Also, how much should I take to my first session, and what should my spread be to get a 1% advantage?

And lastly, I am just curious what sort of spread the high rollers use when counting on a $100 minimum table?, As you say you are watched more when playing big, and what can they earn annually?

Thanx and see ya !

Hello, Stephen.
Always happy to help a loyal reader.

To increase your advantage to 1% at the game you described in your previous e-mails, you'll need to play with a 1-12 spread and have the L24 bet out at a true count of 6. But, if you can find a game where 5 of 6 decks are dealt, the same advantage, plus a bit more can be attained with a 1-8 spread. The important consideration here is that you not fool yourself: it really has to be 5 of 6 dealt.

By increasing your bankroll to L1500 (750 'betting units'), you'll decrease your risk of ruin to about 18%. For a 1-12 betting spread at the game you've described, a 10% risk of ruin requires a bankroll of about L2000 and I recommend that as a minimum bankroll, but it shouldn't stop you from playing. Just earmark a portion of your future income to building your playing bankroll and add to it as you go along. As for a 'session' bankroll, it depends upon how long you'll be playing. With a 1-12 spread, 200 units or L400 will suffice for 8 hours' play.

The spread used by a $100 player can vary widely, but as you said, those players are under scrutiny virtually the whole time they're in a casino, BUT there are a lot of places where such action is fairly common. Believe me, I've had bets of $200 out at the Empress Casino in Joliet, IL. and was looked at by the other players as an intruder in the high-roller's game; mine was the smallest bet by far. But to answer your question, generally 'black chip' card counters will sit only at superior games (single- or double-deck), use a 1-4 or 1-6 spread, a lot of 'camouflage', play short (less than an hour) sessions and earn $200+ an hour. But that's a very simplistic view of things. A lot of counters in that category of play 'wong' where possible and use only flat bets of $200-300, or they hire counters to 'call' them into an advantageous game, or finance teams where $25 play is used.

But you need to begin at the beginning and the selection of the game you play is probably more important than anything else, followed by your own discipline at the table. The biggest mistake I see new counters make is that they fail to get the big bets out when the count is high. A big enough spread can ultimately beat any game, and that may take a long time and a lot of $$$, but it's the key to winning. With what you have to risk, just use this as a chance to learn the wonderful skill of counting cards. Who knows, maybe it'll be an Olympic sport someday and we'll meet on the field of green felt.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/17/99



Dude,
I messed up tonite...in a BAD way. I went to Players and saw that the 9/7/5 DB progressive was a hair above $1,600. I was dealt K-spades, Q-Hearts, 10-Spades, and 2 rags. I didn't know until I did the math a few minutes ago at home to hold the K/10-spades, and I held the K/Q offsuit like I would on a 10/7 DB. Well, of course it dealt me the A/Q/J of spades and I made a push on the pair of Queens. One day I'll figure this all out. I guess you know at a certain $ amount to hold any 2 to a royal as long as it doesn't break up something really good (high pair, 4 to a straight, flush, etc).
Oh well...live and learn.

Hi!
That's unfortunate; the Royal was high enough to make the 10-K the proper play, but stuff like that is difficult to remember with an ever-changing progressive Royal. Until I analyzed the hand on WinPoker, I though the K,Q was the correct play, too. I did a series of articles on this called "Basic Strategy Variations", but they were for the 9/6 Jacks with a progressive Royal. Seems the Royals are following you around, though. Not a bad position to be in.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/16/99



Some comments from a reader...

Dear GameMaster -
[Please note: I really do not expect a response to this missive. If any of my comments are useful, please feel free to utilize them at GameMasterOnline in whatever you way you wish]

Since reading your initial article concerning online gambling, I have been musing on the subject myself, and have come up with a few things that may be of interest/benefit to other readers. (Since VP is my chosen game, several of my comments deal specifically with that game.)

While it's true that most online casinos don't offer comps per se, most do offer sign-up bonuses. These vary considerably (some are a straight 10% of your initial deposit; some offer $50 on your first $200, or percentages on higher deposits), and only apply to your initial deposit. You also need to wager an amount equal to your initial deposit plus the bonus before you can withdraw the bonus. Additional offers may include a referral bonus.

Your deposit can be made in a variety of ways: credit card, bank wire transfer, Western Union. Check the banking area to see what all is available. Credit cards are virtually universal, but some casinos offer higher bonuses if you don't use a credit card. You should also be aware that while many casinos have virtually instant verification of your credit card deposit, some may take an hour or two (or even more). Other forms of payment have their own limitations and advantages.

As for getting your money back out, read the banking information for each casino. The usual practice is to pay via whatever conduit you used for your deposit. For a credit card, they'll credit up to whatever amount you've charged, then use one of the other payment methods for anything over that. Also, some casinos charge a fee for any withdrawals. Others allow one free withdrawal per week or per month, then charge a fee for more than that.

One advantage of online casinos is in switching games. If you've been playing Jacks or Better and want to switch to Deuces Wild, you don't need to cash out then start pumping coins into the new machine: just exit that part of the program, launch the new game, and start playing.

Switching casinos, though, isn't quite so easy. Certainly it's simple enough to connect to a different one, but you can't take your money with you as you can when playing at a live casino. That means that you need to deposit money in each casino where you want to play. But with the sign-up bonus, and a bit of luck, this may not always be a disadvantage.

How many casinos you'll want to play at "for real" will depend on how much money you have available, and what games are available at each. So far I've not found any online casino that has both 9/6 Jacks or Better *and* full-pay Deuces Wild. So if I want to play both, I need to join two casinos to do that.

But since you don't get comps for actual play (usually), even a 9/6 Jacks or Better game isn't as attractive as it is at a live casino, where each hand counts toward free meals and/or rooms. Basically you probably want to stick to games that have a 100+% payback to compensate for that lack of comps (the sign-up bonus helps, but that's a one-shot deal).

Even at those casinos that do have comps (Golden Palace is one that I know of), you won't accumulate comp points quite as fast as you will playing in Las Vegas. You may be able to play 800 hands/hour on a real VP machine, but when playing on the Internet, your speed is determined by server response time, so you may only be able to play 300 hands/hour...and that's when the 'Net is working well. At times you may only be playing at the rate of 1 hand per minute!

Which brings up the issue of being disconnected from the casino's server, or if your ISP drops your Internet connection. This has happened to me a couple of times, but it's not been a problem. If your wager hasn't made it through to the casino when the connection drops, on return to the game your balance will be what it was before you made the bet. If it has gotten through, on return to the game you should be dealt the hand you were waiting for, and you can resume play. This only applies when you return to the original game; if you first go to a different game, the wager on your former game may still be debited, but it won't carry over to the new game.

If I come up with any more considerations, I'll be sure to send them along.
Thanx, George Clark
- George Clark - gaclark@sprynet.com



Hello,
I have been practicing to count for about a year now, I am quite fast and accurate, but I recently read a report on something called the "Blackjack Voice Survey". Apparently it can spot a card counter within 75 hands; it studies the basic strategy. Will this be the end of the road for the traditional counter? I am desperate to start counting, but is it going to be a waste of time; have I practiced all for nothing?
thanks,
Steve

Dear Steve, No, this isn't the end for counting and you haven't practiced for nothing. I'll tell you why.

The program you're referring to is, I believe, the one used by a few ( the key word here is 'few') casinos to help them determine whether or not a particular player is a counter. As I understand it, the program allows for data input by a surveillance employee in the "eye-in-the-sky" via voice to determine the count of the decks as played and the betting level of the targeted player. It then produces a printout which shows the betting level rising and falling as the count rises and falls. I find it amazing that a casino would spend thousands of $$$ to buy a program that does what any counter can do in his or her mind in merely minutes. I can always tell when I'm at the table with another counter and I usually (but not always) move on when I discover that fact. But I'm getting away from your question here. That program can follow only one player at a time, so the first mistake a counter has to make is to be suspected of counting; only then will s/he be put under surveillance. Secondly, the casino has to have this program (maybe 5% of them do.) And third, the casino has to be observing shoes with some fluctuation in the count; I mean if the count stays negative through the whole shoe, a smart counter is going to bet the minimum, or get up and leave. If it takes 75 hands for this program to determine if a player is counting, that's 5 shoes of play at a six-deck game with a full table and over an hour of observation.

Our counter-measure (no pun intended) is to play a session of less than an hour in casinos which are suspected of having these programs. We know pretty much which ones use it, because they have confronted players with the printouts and those counters have let everyone know. I don't want to publish the list of suspected casinos, since casino employees read this as well, but if you have a favorite spot or two that you'd like the scoop on, e-mail me and I'll share with you what I know. Also, Stanford Wong's monthly newsletter "Current Blackjack News" lists casinos which are believed to use this program. More details on that are available at www.bj21.com/

Go ahead and continue your counting, Steve, as it's highly unlikely that you'll ever come under observation by this program, unless you intend to bet $100 or more per hand.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/12/99



Hello,
what ever happened to that blackjack site where you can practice and take lessons?
Perry

Hi, Perry.
That site was Blackjack.com and our contribution was the lessons; it was owned by someone else and he recently sold it. But, all the lessons are on my site at www.gamemasteronline.com (click on the "Story Archive" tab at the top) and our webmaster is, as we speak, working on installing a Blackjack game for our readers. So for now, catch up with all my lessons and we'll try to get a practice game up for you asap.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/12/99



GameMaster,
Just found your site...I was impressed with it, then noticed the "St. Louis" in the link and had to click. I too live in St. Louis. I've been a Hold'em player for several years. Well, here's a story for you: Yesterday at the Admiral, I got knocked out of the Freeroll Tournament; the earliest I've ever been knocked out...5th. Got great cards, just no boards to go with them. Anyway, I couldn't immediately get a seat on the regular game, so I wandered around downstairs. I noticed that the progressive on the Double Bonus Video Poker was above $1,900. I never play those things, but always realized that above a certain amount, those things mathematically become worth playing (didn't realize until I explored your site that they can be positive expectation even without the progressive). I also know that I've never seen it that high. So I bought $20 of quarters and sat down. About $15 into it...I hit the Royal and got a check for $1,920.00. Great site, I'll be keeping an eye on it.

Hi! I was also there yesterday (triple point day on the slot club card) and saw where the Royal was. Congratulations on nailing it. For future reference, that is a 9/6/4 Double Bonus game with a base payout of 96.4% so the Royal needs to be about $2500 (10,000 coins) to get a 'positive' expectation. But, hey...you're well ahead of the game now and I'm delighted to help. We are currently doing a complete revision of our St. Louis section to include a list of all the good games here, so check back in a week or so for more ideas.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/10/99



Hello!
I've just begun learning to play blackjack effectively. I have a brother-in-law that loves to play and wants me to play with him but I've always been unwilling to do something I KNOW I'll lose ... Soooo... I've looked into it and it appears that I can give my self a slight advantage and that is enough to make me spend some time playing (win or lose in the short run) with my brother in law.

Currently, I'm in search of a counting system I'll be comfortable with. It doesn't have to give me the very best advantage possible. I'd rather trade a little advantage for some simplicity as long as I do maintain some advantage. I see reference in several of your responses to systems such as 'red 7', 'Ace-5', 'K-O' and 'Hi-Lo'. Is there some reference (online or in print) that will give an explanation of all (or at least most) of these systems? A good analysis of the corresponding advantage would also be nice. I have found in your site info on the Ace-5 and also the Hi-Lo but not on the others.

Thanks,
Chad.
p.s. You've got a great site! --very informative.

Dear Chad,
Thanks for the kind words. It seems to me that the counting system which is tailor-made for you is the "KO" system. It's an unbalanced count which is easy to use and yet can be very effective. The book which explains the system is available at www.conjelco.com/. I am currently writing the first installment of a series of articles which will examine all of the major systems in depth, but that will take some time to finish. A very good spot that will answer a lot of your questions right now is "Grinder's Blackjack Warehouse" which offers a lot of simulations on various systems. You can find Grinder's site at http://members.aol.com/bjgrinder2/warehouse.htm/

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/10/99



Dear GMO,
I am writing a book entitled Gambling on the Internet that will be published about November. I am considering including a review of your site and will of course do my own survey, but I also wanted to give you an opportunity to educate me about Internet Gambling or point me in some valuable directions.
Thanks.

Geoff Mangum
Greensboro, NC

Dear Geoff,
Thanks for the opportunity to comment. I hope you'll visit my site, especially the newest part where I review on-line casinos. The commentary which accompanies those reviews: "Introduction to Internet Gambling" will be a permanent posting that I hope you'll encourage your readers to study thoroughly before committing any $$$ to on-line gaming. As you travel around the 'Net, you'll find a lot of other sites which purport to 'evaluate' on-line casinos, but you'll find that most are what I call 'banner farms', consisting mainly of links to casinos with some general comments about each, but few are of any substance. None of those that I've found do as I do: reveal just what financial arrangements they have with each casino. As you may or may not be aware, many on-line casinos offer a 'cut' of a player's initial deposit and/or a share of the players' losses if they sign up through your site. I think that's wrong and never have and never will participate in that way, but I think that's the primary motivation of a lot of these sites. Not revealing these arrangements is a disservice to the public and your readers need to be aware that this goes on.

My site accepts money from casinos only for advertising space and, since I have only a few spots, I'm not afraid of criticizing an advertiser's operation and my evaluations are far more in-depth than any I've seen. You may not be a Video Poker player, for example, but the pay schedule of a game is of paramount interest to those who are and I offer a specific analysis of each game. Also, by playing extensively at a casino, I am able to run certain mathematical tests on my results to at least give me a comfort level on the 'honesty' of a game; I am not aware of any other site that does this. Can I be cheated and not know it? Sure. But it seems to me that the 'cheaters' just close up shop and run with the $$$, rather than use the games to cheat.

Internet gambling is, to me, like the 'Old West'; it can be dangerous, but it holds a lot of promise for the future at the same time. The key, to me, is to educate the consumer; something I think I do at my site and something it appears you want to do as well. So, we both want the same thing and I hope you'll feel free to call on me at anytime.

As for some places to go, there are very few web sites I can recommend that deal only with on-line gaming, but here's a list of links I think are essential for any 'serious' gambler. Please understand that the emphasis here is on Blackjack and Video Poker, the only two casino games where a skilled player can gain an advantage in a 'real' casino. There are a lot of sites selling systems for roulette, slots, craps, etc. and all of them are worthless, or nearly so, consequently I have nothing to recommend there.

Home of the Blackjack Strategy Engine http://www.blackjackinfo.com/

Grinder's Blackjack Simulations http://members.aol.com/bjgrinder2/warehouse.htm

Jazbo's Home Page (Video Poker info) http://www.jazbo.com/

Jeff Lotspiech's Video Poker page http://members.aol.com/lotsie/poker.html

Blackjack Forum Home Page http://www.rge21.com/main/index4.htm

Stanford Wong's Blackjack Page (The best for the game) http://www.bj21.com

Conjelco - Gambling gear http://www.conjelco.com/

The Gambler's Archive (relevant articles, studies, musings, etc.) http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/greenbaize21/

The Wizard of Odds (accurate analysis of all casino games) http://www.thewizardofodds.com/

As I said earlier, let me know if I can help.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/8/99



GameMaster,
So I've been studying lots and feel pretty prepared for my trip to Vegas TOMORROW, Yahoo! My question is how other players at the BJ table affect your winnings. And then of course what do you do about it except leave.
:} Cindy

Many Blackjack players think that having another player at the table who doesn't play 'properly' messes up the game and makes it difficult, if not impossible, to win. Yes, if a player at 'third base' hits a 16 against a dealer's 3 and gets a 10 and it turns out that a 10 would have busted the dealer (who now, invariably, draws an 8), that did hurt everyone. BUT, in the long run, the play of others will not affect your play; such mistakes will help you as much as they hurt you. Believe me, none of us could win at the game if 'bad' play affected us. It's just that most people like to blame their losses on other players rather than blame their own lack of skill. So, if something like that happens, don't walk away. Just remember when they do something to help you, also.

Have a good time and bet with your head, not over it.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/7/99



Gamemaster,
Hello. I have been reading your information. I didn't know there where so many strategies. Thanks for being there. I am what you call a casual BJ player. It's been a while. Any pointers on this particular casino? Basic rules, etc.. Thanks in advance.
Rob

Dear Rob,
Mirage has both double-deck and 6-deck games. At the DD game, the dealer stands on A-6, and double after split is allowed. That's the game I recommend; see my Blackjack lesson entitled "I Am Not a Fanatic" for how to use the Ace-Five count and you'll get close to breakeven on this game. The 6-deck game has the same rules, but late surrender and the resplit of Aces is permitted. When I was last there, it was very quiet in the morning; good conditions for playing.

Yours for winning,
The GameMaster
9/3/99